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Subordinate clauses

A whole sentence can be the object of a verb. Put it after a; nothing else changes.

I want you to come.

Eko ri vori a tu ri veni.

I think this week will be easy.

Eko ri pensa a tis senseyan ri nonsorin.

No extra marking is needed, because only one ri is allowed per clause. So a second one after a signals a subordinate clause.

Clauses chain

Each one binds to the verb directly on its left.

PikotikaMeaning
Eko ri tentar a impar a tu tikamoto.I'm trying to learn your language.
Eko ri kusta a kitavite a piturmurkarta.I like to read comic books.

A clause runs to the end

It stops at the next a or at the end of the sentence — so anything else has to come before a, not after.

I ask the cook to make it not spicy.

Eko ri voritika ver komivakeomo a tis ri tiven non wosapor.

The phrase naming the cook sits ahead of the clause, because once the clause opens there is no way back out of it.

The consequence: break the sentence to join on

For the same reason, a clause you mean to add with kum (and), sive (or) or sets (but) cannot just follow after a comma — it would be swallowed into the object clause. End the sentence with a period or semicolon, and open the next one with the joining word.

I hope I can find it, or else I'll have to buy a new one.

Eko ri vori a eko ri kan repetoma a tis; sive eko ri neses kompar a nova kosa.

Written with a comma, that sive clause would be part of what is hoped for — ‘I hope that I can find it, or that I must buy a new one’ — which is not the meaning at all.

Try it yourself

  1. Ri tika a tempo ri moni.
    Show answer

    ‘They say time is money.’

  2. Tu ri sape a rinekaro ri eksire in kerora, ker?
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    ‘Do you know when the train leaves?’ The question word sits inside the embedded clause, in the slot the answer would fill — nothing moves.

  3. Why can't ‘I want you to come, and I want him to eat’ be one sentence with a comma?
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    Because the kum half would be read as part of what you want. Break it: Eko ri vori a tu ri veni; kum eko ri vori a tisomo ri komi.

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